Genesis block
The genesis block is block 0, the first block of Bitcoin, mined by Satoshi Nakamoto on 3 January 2009. It carries a newspaper headline about bank bailouts.
The headline
The coinbase of block 0 contains the text “The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks”, the front page of The Times (London) that day. It proves the block was not created earlier and is widely read as a comment on the financial system Bitcoin was meant to route around.
The 50 BTC reward of the genesis block cannot be spent: the code never added it to the UTXO set. People still send small amounts to its address as a tribute. 3 January is celebrated as Genesis Day.
As a meme
Satoshi put that day's front-page headline of The Times (London) into the very first block. It proves the block was not mined before 3 January 2009, and it reads like a comment on the bank bailouts Bitcoin was built to route around. It is now printed on T-shirts, mugs and the occasional tattoo.
From the Bitcoin Museum
Genesis block (block 0) (3 Jan 2009): Block 0 is timestamped 18:15:05 UTC. Its coinbase carries the text “The Times 03/Jan/2009 Chancellor on brink of second bailout for banks”. Its 50 BTC reward can never be spent.
See also
- Bitcoin whitepaper“Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System” is the nine-page paper in which Satoshi Nakamoto described Bitcoin. It was sent to a cryptography mailing list on 31 October 2008.
- Satoshi NakamotoSatoshi Nakamoto: Creator of Bitcoin (pseudonym), active 2008–2011. Wrote the Bitcoin whitepaper (31 Oct 2008), mined the genesis block and released Bitcoin v0.1 (8 Jan 2009). Handed the project to other developers in December 2010 and stopped writing in April 2011.
- BlockchainThe blockchain is Bitcoin's shared history of payments: a chain of blocks where each block points to the one before it. Changing an old block would break every link after it.
- BlockA block is a batch of Bitcoin transactions added to the chain about every ten minutes. The miner who finds it collects the new coins and the fees.
- First person-to-person transaction12 Jan 2009: Satoshi sends 10 BTC to Hal Finney in block 170 (03:30 UTC).
References
- Block 0 on mempool.space mempool.space